import tkinter as tk from tkinter import messagebox, filedialog import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg from matplotlib.figure import Figure # 设置中文字体，解决中文显示问题 plt.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = ["SimHei"] plt.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"] = False class ScrollableScoreTrendApp: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("无限次数+横向滑动 成绩走向图工具") self.root.geometry("1000x700") # 核心数据存储（无限追加） self.exam_times = [] # 考试名称/时间列表 self.scores = [] # 对应分数列表 # ---------------------- 1. 单次添加成绩区域 ---------------------- add_frame = tk.Frame(root) add_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="w") # 考试名称输入 tk.Label(add_frame, text="考试名称/时间：", font=("宋体", 10) ).grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5) self.single_time_entry = tk.Entry(add_frame, width=20, font=("宋体", 10)) self.single_time_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5) self.single_time_entry.insert(0, "第1次月考") # 成绩输入 tk.Label(add_frame, text="成绩（0-100）：", font=("宋体", 10) ).grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5) self.single_score_entry = tk.Entry( add_frame, width=10, font=("宋体", 10)) self.single_score_entry.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5) self.single_score_entry.insert(0, "85") # 添加按钮 tk.Button( add_frame, text="添加成绩", command=self.add_single_score, font=("宋体", 10), bg="#4CAF50", fg="white", padx=15, pady=2 ).grid(row=0, column=4, padx=10) # ---------------------- 2. 操作按钮区域 ---------------------- btn_frame = tk.Frame(root) btn_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=10, pady=5) tk.Button( btn_frame, text="生成/刷新成绩图", command=self.generate_chart, font=("宋体", 10), bg="#2196F3", fg="white", padx=20, pady=5 ).pack(side="left", padx=10) tk.Button( btn_frame, text="清空所有成绩", command=self.clear_all_data, font=("宋体", 10), bg="#f44336", fg="white", padx=20, pady=5 ).pack(side="left", padx=10) tk.Button( btn_frame, text="保存图表", command=self.save_chart, font=("宋体", 10), bg="#FF9800", fg="white", padx=20, pady=5 ).pack(side="left", padx=10) # ---------------------- 3. 已添加数据展示区域 ---------------------- data_frame = tk.Frame(root) data_frame.grid(row=2, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=10, pady=5, sticky="w") tk.Label(data_frame, text="已记录的成绩（共0条）：", font=( "宋体", 10)).grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="w") self.data_label = tk.Label( data_frame, text="", font=("宋体", 9), fg="#666") self.data_label.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky="w") # ---------------------- 4. 带横向滚动的图表区域 ---------------------- # 创建滚动容器 scroll_frame = tk.Frame(root) scroll_frame.grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="nsew") # 横向滚动条 self.x_scrollbar = tk.Scrollbar(scroll_frame, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL) self.x_scrollbar.pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, fill=tk.X) # 画布（承载图表） self.chart_canvas = tk.Canvas( scroll_frame, xscrollcommand=self.x_scrollbar.set) self.chart_canvas.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) # 绑定滚动条 self.x_scrollbar.config(command=self.chart_canvas.xview) # 内部框架（放matplotlib图表） self.inner_frame = tk.Frame(self.chart_canvas) self.chart_canvas.create_window( (0, 0), window=self.inner_frame, anchor="nw") # 初始化matplotlib图表 self.fig = Figure(figsize=(8, 4), dpi=100) self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111) self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, master=self.inner_frame) self.canvas_widget = self.canvas.get_tk_widget() self.canvas_widget.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) # 初始化空图表 self.init_empty_chart() # 配置窗口自适应 root.grid_rowconfigure(3, weight=1) root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1) # 初始化空图表 def init_empty_chart(self): self.ax.clear() self.ax.set_title("成绩走向图", fontsize=14) self.ax.set_xlabel("考试次数/时间", fontsize=12) self.ax.set_ylabel("分数", fontsize=12) self.ax.set_ylim(0, 100) self.ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3) self.canvas.draw() # 更新滚动区域 self.inner_frame.update_idletasks() self.chart_canvas.config(scrollregion=self.chart_canvas.bbox(tk.ALL)) # 添加单次成绩 def add_single_score(self): # 获取输入 exam_time = self.single_time_entry.get().strip() score_str = self.single_score_entry.get().strip() # 校验输入 if not exam_time: messagebox.showwarning("输入错误", "考试名称/时间不能为空！") return if not score_str: messagebox.showwarning("输入错误", "成绩不能为空！") return # 校验成绩是否为数字且在0-100之间 try: score = float(score_str) if score < 0 or score > 100: messagebox.showwarning("输入错误", "成绩必须在0-100之间！") return except ValueError: messagebox.showwarning("输入错误", "成绩必须是数字（如85、90.5）！") return # 添加到数据列表 self.exam_times.append(exam_time) self.scores.append(score) # 清空当前输入框，方便继续添加 self.single_time_entry.delete(0, tk.END) self.single_score_entry.delete(0, tk.END) # 更新已记录数据展示 self.update_data_label() # 提示添加成功 messagebox.showinfo("添加成功", f"已添加：{exam_time} - {score}分") # 更新已记录数据标签 def update_data_label(self): count = len(self.exam_times) # 更新标题的数量 self.data_label.master.winfo_children()[0].config( text=f"已记录的成绩（共{count}条）：") # 拼接所有数据展示 data_text = "" for i, (time, score) in enumerate(zip(self.exam_times, self.scores), 1): data_text += f"{i}. {time}：{score}分 " self.data_label.config(text=data_text) # 生成/刷新成绩图 def generate_chart(self): if not self.exam_times or not self.scores: messagebox.showwarning("数据为空", "请先添加成绩数据！") self.init_empty_chart() return # 清空图表 self.ax.clear() # 绘制折线图（适配大量数据） self.ax.plot(self.exam_times, self.scores, color="#2E86AB", linewidth=2, marker="o", markersize=6, # 缩小标记点避免重叠 markerfacecolor="#A23B72", label="成绩走势") # 标注分数（仅当数据量≤20时显示，避免拥挤） if len(self.exam_times) <= 20: for x, y in zip(self.exam_times, self.scores): self.ax.text(x, y + 0.5, f"{y}分", ha="center", fontsize=8) # 设置图表样式 self.ax.set_title("成绩走向图", fontsize=14, pad=10) self.ax.set_xlabel("考试次数/时间", fontsize=12) self.ax.set_ylabel("分数", fontsize=12) self.ax.set_ylim(0, 100) self.ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3) self.ax.legend() # 旋转x轴标签，避免重叠 self.ax.tick_params(axis='x', rotation=45) # 调整图表布局，防止标签被截断 self.fig.tight_layout() # 刷新画布 self.canvas.draw() # 更新滚动区域（关键：让滚动条适配图表宽度） self.inner_frame.update_idletasks() self.chart_canvas.config(scrollregion=self.chart_canvas.bbox(tk.ALL)) # 清空所有成绩数据 def clear_all_data(self): if messagebox.askyesno("确认清空", "是否确定清空所有成绩数据？"): self.exam_times.clear() self.scores.clear() self.update_data_label() self.init_empty_chart() # 保存图表 def save_chart(self): if not self.exam_times or not self.scores: messagebox.showwarning("数据为空", "请先添加并生成成绩图！") return file_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename( defaultextension=".png", filetypes=[("PNG图片", "*.png"), ("JPG图片", "*.jpg"), ("PDF文件", "*.pdf")], title="保存成绩走向图" ) if file_path: self.fig.savefig(file_path, dpi=300, bbox_inches="tight") messagebox.showinfo("保存成功", f"图表已保存到：{file_path}") # 运行程序 if __name__ == "__main__": root = tk.Tk() app = ScrollableScoreTrendApp(root) root.mainloop()