import tkinter as tk from tkinter import ttk, messagebox import random import time import os # 窗口与画布尺寸 WINDOW_W = 800 WINDOW_H = 600 UI_HEIGHT = 56 # 赛道与对象尺寸 TRACK_MARGIN = 40 CAR_SIZE = 36 OBSTACLE_SIZE = 26 OBSTACLE_COUNT = 8 MAX_LIFE = 3 # 颜色 BG_COLOR = "#8fd18f" ROAD_COLOR = "#2f2f2f" LINE_COLOR = "#ffffff" CAR_COLOR = "#101010" OBST_COLOR = "#c62828" FINISH_COLOR = "#ffd54f" class Car: def __init__(self, x, y, size=CAR_SIZE): self.x = x self.y = y self.vx = 0.0 self.vy = 0.0 self.size = size self.max_speed = 6.0 def rect(self): s = self.size return (self.x - s/2, self.y - s/2, self.x + s/2, self.y + s/2) class Obstacle: def __init__(self, x, y, size=OBSTACLE_SIZE): self.x = x self.y = y self.size = size def rect(self): s = self.size return (self.x - s/2, self.y - s/2, self.x + s/2, self.y + s/2) class GameApp(tk.Tk): def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.title("罗小黑 2D 赛车") self.resizable(False, False) self.geometry(f"{WINDOW_W}x{WINDOW_H}") # 游戏状态变量（必须预先初始化，避免后续 getattr 转发问题） self.running = False self.paused = False self.start_time = None self.elapsed = 0.0 self.score = 0 self.life = MAX_LIFE self.after_id = None # 存放 after 返回的 id，便于取消 # 赛道范围 self.track_x0 = TRACK_MARGIN self.track_y0 = TRACK_MARGIN self.track_x1 = WINDOW_W - TRACK_MARGIN self.track_y1 = WINDOW_H - TRACK_MARGIN - UI_HEIGHT + 10 # 创建车、障碍 start_x = (self.track_x0 + self.track_x1) / 2 start_y = self.track_y1 - 60 self.car = Car(start_x, start_y) self.obstacles = [] # 键盘状态 self.keys = {} # UI self.create_widgets() self.bind_events() # 生成初始关卡 self.reset_game() def create_widgets(self): top = ttk.Frame(self, padding=6) top.pack(side="top", fill="x") self.start_btn = ttk.Button(top, text="开始", command=self.start_game) self.start_btn.pack(side="left", padx=4) self.pause_btn = ttk.Button(top, text="暂停", command=self.toggle_pause) self.pause_btn.pack(side="left", padx=4) ttk.Button(top, text="重置", command=self.reset_game).pack(side="left", padx=4) ttk.Label(top, text="生命：").pack(side="left", padx=(12,2)) self.life_var = tk.StringVar(value=str(self.life)) ttk.Label(top, textvariable=self.life_var).pack(side="left") ttk.Label(top, text=" 得分：").pack(side="left", padx=(12,2)) self.score_var = tk.StringVar(value=str(self.score)) ttk.Label(top, textvariable=self.score_var).pack(side="left") ttk.Label(top, text=" 用时：").pack(side="left", padx=(12,2)) self.time_var = tk.StringVar(value="0.0") ttk.Label(top, textvariable=self.time_var).pack(side="left") # 画布（留出顶部 UI 高度） self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self, width=WINDOW_W, height=WINDOW_H-UI_HEIGHT, bg=BG_COLOR) self.canvas.pack(padx=4, pady=0) def bind_events(self): self.bind_all("", self.on_key_press) self.bind_all("", self.on_key_release) def on_key_press(self, event): k = event.keysym # 支持箭头与 WASD if k in ("Up","Down","Left","Right","w","a","s","d"): self.keys[k] = True def on_key_release(self, event): k = event.keysym if k in self.keys: self.keys[k] = False def start_game(self): if not self.running: self.running = True self.paused = False self.start_time = time.time() - self.elapsed # 启动循环 if self.after_id is None: self.after_id = self.after(16, self.game_loop) def toggle_pause(self): if not self.running: return self.paused = not self.paused if not self.paused: # 恢复计时基准 self.start_time = time.time() - self.elapsed if self.after_id is None: self.after_id = self.after(16, self.game_loop) def reset_game(self): # 取消定时器（如果存在） if self.after_id is not None: try: self.after_cancel(self.after_id) except Exception: pass self.after_id = None self.running = False self.paused = False self.elapsed = 0.0 self.score = 0 self.life = MAX_LIFE self.life_var.set(str(self.life)) self.score_var.set(str(self.score)) self.time_var.set("0.0") # 重置车辆 self.car.x = (self.track_x0 + self.track_x1) / 2 self.car.y = self.track_y1 - 60 self.car.vx = 0.0 self.car.vy = 0.0 # 生成障碍 self.generate_obstacles() # 初次绘制 self.draw() def generate_obstacles(self): self.obstacles.clear() tries_limit = 200 for _ in range(OBSTACLE_COUNT): for _ in range(tries_limit): x = random.uniform(self.track_x0 + 30, self.track_x1 - 30) y = random.uniform(self.track_y0 + 80, self.track_y1 - 80) # 避免太靠近起点 if abs(x - self.car.x) < 80 and abs(y - self.car.y) < 80: continue ok = True for ob in self.obstacles: if abs(ob.x - x) < 50 and abs(ob.y - y) < 50: ok = False break if ok: self.obstacles.append(Obstacle(x, y)) break def game_loop(self): # 主循环（由 after 调用） self.after_id = None # 当前调用已被触发 if not self.running: return if not self.paused: now = time.time() self.elapsed = now - self.start_time self.time_var.set(f"{self.elapsed:.1f}") self.update_physics() self.check_collisions() # 计分：基于时间与通过障碍的简单加分 self.score += 0.02 self.score_var.set(str(int(self.score))) self.draw() # 继续下一帧 self.after_id = self.after(16, self.game_loop) def update_physics(self): acc = 0.35 max_sp = self.car.max_speed up = self.keys.get("Up") or self.keys.get("w") down = self.keys.get("Down") or self.keys.get("s") left = self.keys.get("Left") or self.keys.get("a") right = self.keys.get("Right") or self.keys.get("d") # 加速度 if up and not down: self.car.vy = max(self.car.vy - acc, -max_sp) elif down and not up: self.car.vy = min(self.car.vy + acc, max_sp) else: self.car.vy *= 0.88 if abs(self.car.vy) < 0.05: self.car.vy = 0.0 if left and not right: self.car.vx = max(self.car.vx - acc, -max_sp) elif right and not left: self.car.vx = min(self.car.vx + acc, max_sp) else: self.car.vx *= 0.88 if abs(self.car.vx) < 0.05: self.car.vx = 0.0 # 更新位置 self.car.x += self.car.vx self.car.y += self.car.vy # 限制至赛道内（与墙体反弹） margin_x = self.track_x0 + self.car.size/2 margin_x2 = self.track_x1 - self.car.size/2 margin_y = self.track_y0 + self.car.size/2 margin_y2 = self.track_y1 - self.car.size/2 if self.car.x < margin_x: self.car.x = margin_x self.car.vx *= -0.35 if self.car.x > margin_x2: self.car.x = margin_x2 self.car.vx *= -0.35 if self.car.y < margin_y: self.car.y = margin_y self.car.vy *= -0.35 if self.car.y > margin_y2: self.car.y = margin_y2 self.car.vy *= -0.35 def check_collisions(self): # 碰撞检测（矩形） cx0, cy0, cx1, cy1 = self.car.rect() hit = False for ob in self.obstacles: ox0, oy0, ox1, oy1 = ob.rect() if not (cx1 < ox0 or cx0 > ox1 or cy1 < oy0 or cy0 > oy1): hit = True # 扣血、惩罚得分并反弹 self.life -= 1 self.life_var.set(str(self.life)) self.score = max(0, self.score - 8) self.score_var.set(str(int(self.score))) # 推开车辆 dx = self.car.x - ob.x dy = self.car.y - ob.y if dx == 0 and dy == 0: dx = 1.0 dist = (dx*dx + dy*dy) ** 0.5 self.car.x += (dx / dist) * 28 self.car.y += (dy / dist) * 28 self.car.vx *= -0.45 self.car.vy *= -0.45 break if hit and self.life <= 0: self.game_over(False) # 胜利条件：到达终点线（赛道上方中间区域） fx0 = (self.track_x0 + self.track_x1) / 2 - 60 fx1 = (self.track_x0 + self.track_x1) / 2 + 60 finish_y = self.track_y0 + 12 if (fx0 <= self.car.x <= fx1) and (self.car.y - self.car.size/2 <= finish_y): self.game_over(True) def game_over(self, win): self.running = False # 取消定时器 if self.after_id is not None: try: self.after_cancel(self.after_id) except Exception: pass self.after_id = None if win: messagebox.showinfo("胜利", f"恭喜罗小黑到达终点！得分：{int(self.score)} 用时：{self.time_var.get()}s") else: messagebox.showinfo("失败", f"生命耗尽，游戏结束！得分：{int(self.score)}") # 自动重置 self.reset_game() def draw(self): self.canvas.delete("all") W = WINDOW_W H = WINDOW_H - UI_HEIGHT # 背景 self.canvas.create_rectangle(0, 0, W, H, fill=BG_COLOR, outline="") # 赛道 self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.track_x0, self.track_y0, self.track_x1, self.track_y1, fill=ROAD_COLOR, outline="black", width=2) # 中线虚线 midx = (self.track_x0 + self.track_x1) / 2 dash_h = 20 gap = 12 y = self.track_y0 + 10 while y < self.track_y1 - 10: y2 = min(y + dash_h, self.track_y1 - 10) self.canvas.create_line(midx, y, midx, y2, fill=LINE_COLOR, width=4) y += dash_h + gap # 终点线 fx0 = (self.track_x0 + self.track_x1) / 2 - 60 fx1 = (self.track_x0 + self.track_x1) / 2 + 60 self.canvas.create_rectangle(fx0, self.track_y0, fx1, self.track_y0+10, fill=FINISH_COLOR, outline="black") # 障碍物（红色方块） for ob in self.obstacles: x0, y0, x1, y1 = ob.rect() self.canvas.create_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, fill=OBST_COLOR, outline="#7b1f1f") # 绘制车（用圆形+眼睛表示罗小黑） cx0, cy0, cx1, cy1 = self.car.rect() self.canvas.create_oval(cx0, cy0, cx1, cy1, fill=CAR_COLOR, outline="white", width=1.5) # 眼睛（白） eye_r = 3 self.canvas.create_oval(self.car.x - 8 - eye_r, self.car.y - 8 - eye_r, self.car.x - 8 + eye_r, self.car.y - 8 + eye_r, fill="white", outline="") self.canvas.create_oval(self.car.x + 8 - eye_r, self.car.y - 8 - eye_r, self.car.x + 8 + eye_r, self.car.y - 8 + eye_r, fill="white", outline="") # 小嘴/表情（可选） self.canvas.create_arc(self.car.x-8, self.car.y-2, self.car.x+8, self.car.y+8, start=0, extent=180, style="arc", outline="white") # HUD（左上角） self.canvas.create_text(12, 12, anchor="nw", text=f"生命: {self.life}", fill="white", font=("TkDefaultFont", 12, "bold")) self.canvas.create_text(12, 30, anchor="nw", text=f"得分: {int(self.score)}", fill="white", font=("TkDefaultFont", 12)) self.canvas.create_text(12, 48, anchor="nw", text=f"时间: {self.time_var.get()}s", fill="white", font=("TkDefaultFont", 12)) # 可扩展：加载图像替换小车 def load_car_image(self, path): # 示例：如果有图片（png），可用 PhotoImage # img = tk.PhotoImage(file=path) # self.car_image = img # 在 draw 中替换 create_oval 为 create_image pass if __name__ == "__main__": app = GameApp() app.mainloop()