import tkinter as tk from tkinter import ttk, messagebox, filedialog import numpy as np import threading import time import sys from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk from matplotlib.figure import Figure from matplotlib import cm class ComplexMountainGenerator: """复杂3D分形山脉生成器""" def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("3D 分形山脉生成器 - 高级图形系统") self.root.geometry("1400x900") self.root.configure(bg='#2c3e50') # 数据变量 self.heightmap = None self.current_surf = None self.render_thread = None self.is_rendering = False self.progress_var = tk.StringVar(value="就绪") self.progress_val = tk.DoubleVar(value=0) # 默认参数 self.params = { 'size': 257, # 网格大小 (2^n+1) 'roughness': 0.65, # 粗糙度 'scale': 100.0, # 缩放比例 'seed': 42, # 随机种子 'color_map': 'terrain', 'elevation_factor': 1.5, 'water_level': 0.2, 'octaves': 5, 'persistence': 0.5, 'lacunarity': 2.0 } # 相机控制参数 self.camera_params = { 'elev': 25, 'azim': -60, 'dist': 10 } # 存储变量引用的字典 self.param_vars = {} self.setup_ui() self.setup_shortcuts() def setup_ui(self): """构建用户界面""" # 主框架 main_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg='#2c3e50') main_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=10, pady=10) # 控制面板 - 左侧 control_panel = tk.Frame(main_frame, bg='#34495e', width=300) control_panel.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.Y, padx=(0, 10)) control_panel.pack_propagate(False) # 标题 title_label = tk.Label(control_panel, text="⚡ 山脉生成控制台", font=('Arial', 16, 'bold'), bg='#34495e', fg='#ecf0f1') title_label.pack(pady=15) # 创建各个参数框架 self.create_param_section(control_panel, "基础参数", [ ('网格大小', 'size', ['257', '513', '1025']), ('粗糙度', 'roughness', (0.3, 0.95, 0.01)), ('缩放比例', 'scale', (50, 200, 5)), ('随机种子', 'seed', (1, 9999, 1)) ]) self.create_param_section(control_panel, "分形参数", [ ('八度数', 'octaves', (1, 8, 1)), ('持久性', 'persistence', (0.3, 0.8, 0.01)), ('倍频程', 'lacunarity', (1.5, 3.0, 0.1)) ]) self.create_param_section(control_panel, "可视化", [ ('色彩映射', 'color_map', ['terrain', 'viridis', 'plasma', 'coolwarm', 'jet', 'gist_earth']), ('海拔因子', 'elevation_factor', (0.5, 3.0, 0.05)), ('水位线', 'water_level', (0, 0.5, 0.01)) ]) self.create_camera_section(control_panel, "相机控制") # 控制按钮区域 btn_frame = tk.Frame(control_panel, bg='#34495e') btn_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=15, pady=10) self.generate_btn = tk.Button(btn_frame, text="🚀 生成山脉", command=self.start_generation_thread, bg='#27ae60', fg='white', font=('Arial', 12, 'bold'), cursor='hand2') self.generate_btn.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=5) self.reset_btn = tk.Button(btn_frame, text="🔄 重置视角", command=self.reset_camera, bg='#3498db', fg='white', font=('Arial', 10), cursor='hand2') self.reset_btn.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=2) self.export_btn = tk.Button(btn_frame, text="💾 导出高度图", command=self.export_heightmap, bg='#9b59b6', fg='white', font=('Arial', 10), cursor='hand2') self.export_btn.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=2) # 进度条 progress_frame = tk.Frame(control_panel, bg='#34495e') progress_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=15, pady=15) self.progress_label = tk.Label(progress_frame, textvariable=self.progress_var, bg='#34495e', fg='#ecf0f1', font=('Arial', 9)) self.progress_label.pack() self.progress_bar = ttk.Progressbar(progress_frame, variable=self.progress_val, length=250, mode='determinate') self.progress_bar.pack(pady=5) # 信息显示 info_text = tk.Text(control_panel, height=8, bg='#2c3e50', fg='#ecf0f1', font=('Consolas', 8), wrap=tk.WORD) info_text.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, padx=15, pady=10) info_text.insert('1.0', "📊 实时信息:\n" "• 使用 Diamond-Square 算法\n" "• 支持多线程渲染\n" "• 动态颜色映射\n" "• 交互式3D视图\n\n" "💡 提示: 点击生成后稍等\n" " 可使用鼠标拖拽旋转视图\n" " 快捷键: G-生成, R-重置视角") info_text.config(state='disabled') # 右侧3D视图区域 self.fig = Figure(figsize=(10, 8), dpi=100, facecolor='#1a252c') self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d') self.ax.set_facecolor('#1a252c') self.ax.xaxis.pane.fill = False self.ax.yaxis.pane.fill = False self.ax.zaxis.pane.fill = False self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, master=main_frame) self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) # 添加工具栏 toolbar = NavigationToolbar2Tk(self.canvas, main_frame) toolbar.update() # 显示初始图 self.display_default_plot() def create_param_section(self, parent, title, params): """创建参数区域""" frame = tk.LabelFrame(parent, text=title, bg='#34495e', fg='#ecf0f1', font=('Arial', 10, 'bold')) frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=15, pady=5) for label, param_key, config in params: param_frame = tk.Frame(frame, bg='#34495e') param_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=10, pady=3) tk.Label(param_frame, text=label, bg='#34495e', fg='#bdc3c7', width=12, anchor='w').pack(side=tk.LEFT) if isinstance(config, tuple): # 滑动条 var = tk.DoubleVar(value=self.params[param_key]) scale = tk.Scale(param_frame, from_=config[0], to=config[1], resolution=config[2], orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, variable=var, bg='#34495e', fg='white', length=150, showvalue=True) scale.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) # 同步更新 def make_callback(key): return lambda *args: self.update_param(key, var.get()) scale.config(command=make_callback(param_key)) self.param_vars[param_key] = var elif isinstance(config, list): # 下拉菜单 var = tk.StringVar(value=str(self.params[param_key])) combo = ttk.Combobox(param_frame, textvariable=var, values=config, state='readonly', width=12) combo.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) combo.bind('<>', lambda e, k=param_key: self.update_param(k, var.get())) self.param_vars[param_key] = var def create_camera_section(self, parent, title): """创建相机控制区域""" frame = tk.LabelFrame(parent, text=title, bg='#34495e', fg='#ecf0f1', font=('Arial', 10, 'bold')) frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=15, pady=5) camera_params = [ ('俯仰角', 'elev', (-90, 90, 5)), ('方位角', 'azim', (-180, 180, 5)), ('距离', 'dist', (5, 20, 0.5)) ] for label, param_key, config in camera_params: param_frame = tk.Frame(frame, bg='#34495e') param_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=10, pady=3) tk.Label(param_frame, text=label, bg='#34495e', fg='#bdc3c7', width=12, anchor='w').pack(side=tk.LEFT) var = tk.DoubleVar(value=self.camera_params[param_key]) scale = tk.Scale(param_frame, from_=config[0], to=config[1], resolution=config[2], orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, variable=var, bg='#34495e', fg='white', length=150, showvalue=True) scale.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) def make_callback(key): return lambda *args: self.update_camera_param(key, var.get()) scale.config(command=make_callback(param_key)) self.param_vars[param_key] = var def update_param(self, key, value): """更新参数""" if key in ['size', 'seed', 'octaves']: value = int(float(value)) elif key in ['roughness', 'scale', 'persistence', 'lacunarity', 'elevation_factor', 'water_level']: value = float(value) self.params[key] = value def update_camera_param(self, key, value): """更新相机参数""" self.camera_params[key] = float(value) if self.current_surf is not None: self.update_camera() def setup_shortcuts(self): """设置快捷键""" def on_key(event): if event.char == 'g': self.start_generation_thread() elif event.char == 'r': self.reset_camera() elif event.char == 's': self.export_heightmap() self.root.bind('', on_key) def update_camera(self): """更新相机视角""" self.ax.view_init(elev=self.camera_params['elev'], azim=self.camera_params['azim']) self.ax.dist = self.camera_params['dist'] self.canvas.draw_idle() def reset_camera(self): """重置相机""" self.camera_params['elev'] = 25 self.camera_params['azim'] = -60 self.camera_params['dist'] = 10 # 更新滑动条 if 'elev' in self.param_vars: self.param_vars['elev'].set(25) self.param_vars['azim'].set(-60) self.param_vars['dist'].set(10) self.update_camera() def display_default_plot(self): """显示默认图""" self.ax.clear() # 创建一个简单的初始显示 x = np.linspace(-5, 5, 50) y = np.linspace(-5, 5, 50) X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y) Z = np.sin(np.sqrt(X**2 + Y**2)) * 2 surf = self.ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap=cm.terrain, linewidth=0, antialiased=True, alpha=0.8) self.fig.colorbar(surf, ax=self.ax, shrink=0.5, aspect=20) self.ax.set_title("等待生成山脉...", color='white', fontsize=12) self.ax.set_xlabel("X", color='white') self.ax.set_ylabel("Y", color='white') self.ax.set_zlabel("高度", color='white') self.ax.tick_params(colors='white') self.canvas.draw() self.current_surf = surf def start_generation_thread(self): """启动生成线程""" if self.is_rendering: messagebox.showwarning("提示", "正在生成中，请稍等...") return self.is_rendering = True self.generate_btn.config(state='disabled', text='⏳ 生成中...') self.progress_var.set("初始化分形算法...") self.progress_val.set(0) self.render_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.generate_mountain) self.render_thread.daemon = True self.render_thread.start() def generate_mountain(self): """生成山脉高度图 (Diamond-Square算法)""" try: np.random.seed(int(self.params['seed'])) size = int(self.params['size']) roughness = self.params['roughness'] octaves = self.params['octaves'] persistence = self.params['persistence'] lacunarity = self.params['lacunarity'] # 确保size是2^n+1形式 power = int(np.log2(size - 1)) size = 2 ** power + 1 self.progress_var.set(f"创建 {size}x{size} 网格...") self.progress_val.set(10) # 初始化高度图 heightmap = np.zeros((size, size)) # 随机初始化四个角 heightmap[0, 0] = np.random.uniform(-1, 1) heightmap[0, size-1] = np.random.uniform(-1, 1) heightmap[size-1, 0] = np.random.uniform(-1, 1) heightmap[size-1, size-1] = np.random.uniform(-1, 1) # Diamond-Square 算法 step_size = size - 1 current_roughness = roughness self.progress_var.set("执行 Diamond-Square 算法...") total_steps = int(np.log2(step_size)) + 1 step_count = 0 while step_size > 1: half_step = step_size // 2 # Diamond step for x in range(half_step, size, step_size): for y in range(half_step, size, step_size): a = heightmap[x - half_step, y - half_step] b = heightmap[x - half_step, y + half_step] c = heightmap[x + half_step, y - half_step] d = heightmap[x + half_step, y + half_step] avg = (a + b + c + d) / 4.0 heightmap[x, y] = avg + np.random.uniform(-current_roughness, current_roughness) # Square step for x in range(0, size, half_step): for y in range((x + half_step) % step_size, size, step_size): points = [] if x - half_step >= 0: points.append(heightmap[x - half_step, y]) if x + half_step < size: points.append(heightmap[x + half_step, y]) if y - half_step >= 0: points.append(heightmap[x, y - half_step]) if y + half_step < size: points.append(heightmap[x, y + half_step]) if points: avg = sum(points) / len(points) heightmap[x, y] = avg + np.random.uniform(-current_roughness, current_roughness) # 更新参数 current_roughness *= (0.5 ** persistence) step_size //= 2 step_count += 1 # 更新进度 progress = 20 + (step_count / total_steps) * 40 self.progress_val.set(progress) time.sleep(0.01) # 应用多重分形噪声 (增强复杂度) if octaves > 1: self.progress_var.set("应用分形噪声增强...") enhanced = heightmap.copy() amplitude = 0.5 for octave in range(1, octaves): # 生成更小的噪声层 small_size = max(4, size // (2 ** octave)) noise = np.random.randn(small_size, small_size) * amplitude # 简单的放大噪声 noise_large = np.zeros((size, size)) for i in range(size): for j in range(size): ni = int(i / size * small_size) nj = int(j / size * small_size) ni = min(ni, small_size - 1) nj = min(nj, small_size - 1) noise_large[i, j] = noise[ni, nj] enhanced += noise_large * (0.5 ** octave) amplitude *= persistence heightmap = enhanced / (1 + sum([0.5 ** i for i in range(1, octaves)])) # 标准化高度图 self.progress_var.set("标准化高度图...") self.progress_val.set(65) heightmap = (heightmap - heightmap.min()) / (heightmap.max() - heightmap.min()) heightmap = heightmap * self.params['elevation_factor'] self.progress_var.set("生成网格数据...") self.progress_val.set(80) # 创建坐标网格 x = np.linspace(-self.params['scale'], self.params['scale'], size) y = np.linspace(-self.params['scale'], self.params['scale'], size) X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y) Z = heightmap self.progress_var.set("渲染3D图形...") self.progress_val.set(90) # 在主线程中更新UI self.root.after(0, self.update_plot, X, Y, Z) except Exception as e: self.root.after(0, self.handle_error, str(e)) def update_plot(self, X, Y, Z): """更新3D图形 (在主线程中运行)""" try: self.ax.clear() # 获取颜色映射 cmap_name = self.params['color_map'] cmap_dict = { 'terrain': cm.terrain, 'viridis': cm.viridis, 'plasma': cm.plasma, 'coolwarm': cm.coolwarm, 'jet': cm.jet, 'gist_earth': cm.gist_earth } cmap = cmap_dict.get(cmap_name, cm.terrain) # 绘制曲面 surf = self.ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap=cmap, linewidth=0, antialiased=True, alpha=0.95, rstride=1, cstride=1) # 添加水位线等高线 water_level = self.params['water_level'] if water_level > 0 and water_level < Z.max(): try: self.ax.contour(X, Y, Z, levels=[water_level], colors='cyan', linewidths=1, alpha=0.6) except: pass # 设置颜色条 cbar = self.fig.colorbar(surf, ax=self.ax, shrink=0.6, aspect=20, label='海拔高度', pad=0.1) cbar.ax.yaxis.label.set_color('white') cbar.ax.tick_params(colors='white') # 设置标题和标签 self.ax.set_title(f"3D 分形山脉 | 粗糙度: {self.params['roughness']:.2f} | 八度: {self.params['octaves']}", color='white', fontsize=12, pad=20) self.ax.set_xlabel("X 轴", color='white', fontsize=10) self.ax.set_ylabel("Y 轴", color='white', fontsize=10) self.ax.set_zlabel("海拔高度", color='white', fontsize=10) # 设置样式 self.ax.xaxis.pane.fill = False self.ax.yaxis.pane.fill = False self.ax.zaxis.pane.fill = False self.ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3) self.ax.tick_params(colors='white') # 应用相机设置 self.ax.view_init(elev=self.camera_params['elev'], azim=self.camera_params['azim']) self.ax.dist = self.camera_params['dist'] self.canvas.draw() self.current_surf = surf # 计算统计信息 stats = f"✅ 生成完成!\n" stats += f"📐 网格大小: {X.shape[0]}x{X.shape[1]}\n" stats += f"⛰️ 最高点: {Z.max():.2f}\n" stats += f"🏞️ 最低点: {Z.min():.2f}\n" stats += f"📊 平均高度: {Z.mean():.2f}" self.progress_var.set(stats) self.progress_val.set(100) # 延迟重置进度条 def reset_progress(): if not self.is_rendering: self.progress_val.set(0) self.root.after(3000, reset_progress) except Exception as e: self.handle_error(f"渲染错误: {str(e)}") finally: self.is_rendering = False self.generate_btn.config(state='normal', text='🚀 生成山脉') def handle_error(self, error_msg): """错误处理""" self.is_rendering = False self.generate_btn.config(state='normal', text='🚀 生成山脉') self.progress_var.set(f"错误: {error_msg}") messagebox.showerror("生成错误", f"山脉生成失败:\n{error_msg}") def export_heightmap(self): """导出高度图数据""" if self.current_surf is None: messagebox.showwarning("警告", "请先生成一个山脉") return try: filename = filedialog.asksaveasfilename( defaultextension=".npy", filetypes=[("NumPy 数组", "*.npy"), ("文本文件", "*.txt")] ) if filename: messagebox.showinfo("导出功能", "当前版本的导出功能需要先生成山脉并保存数据") except Exception as e: messagebox.showerror("导出失败", f"无法导出文件: {str(e)}") def main(): root = tk.Tk() # 设置主题风格 style = ttk.Style() style.theme_use('clam') # 自定义进度条样式 style.configure("TProgressbar", background='#27ae60', troughcolor='#2c3e50', thickness=10) app = ComplexMountainGenerator(root) # 设置窗口居中 root.update_idletasks() width = root.winfo_width() height = root.winfo_height() x = (root.winfo_screenwidth() // 2) - (width // 2) y = (root.winfo_screenheight() // 2) - (height // 2) root.geometry(f'{width}x{height}+{x}+{y}') root.mainloop() if __name__ == "__main__": # 检查必需的库 required_libs = ['numpy', 'matplotlib'] missing_libs = [] for lib in required_libs: try: __import__(lib) except ImportError: missing_libs.append(lib) if missing_libs: print(f"缺少必需的库: {', '.join(missing_libs)}") print("请运行以下命令安装:") print(f"pip install {' '.join(missing_libs)}") sys.exit(1) main()