import tkinter as tk from tkinter import colorchooser, filedialog, messagebox from PIL import Image, ImageDraw import os class DrawingBoard: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("🎨 简易画图板") self.root.geometry("960x700") self.root.configure(bg="#2b2b2b") # 当前状态 self.current_color = "#000000" self.brush_size = 3 self.tool = "pen" # pen / eraser / line / rect / oval self.start_x = 0 self.start_y = 0 # 撤销栈：保存每一步的图像快照 self.undo_stack = [] self.max_undo = 20 # 临时绘图对象（用于形状预览） self.temp_item = None self.create_widgets() def create_widgets(self): # ====== 顶部工具栏 ====== toolbar = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#3c3c3c", relief="flat", bd=1) toolbar.pack(fill="x", padx=5, pady=5) # 工具按钮组 tools = [ ("✏️ 画笔", "pen"), ("🧹 橡皮擦", "eraser"), ("📏 直线", "line"), ("⬜ 矩形", "rect"), ("⭕ 圆形", "oval"), ] self.tool_buttons = {} for text, tool_name in tools: btn = tk.Button( toolbar, text=text, font=("微软雅黑", 10), bg="#505050", fg="white", relief="flat", cursor="hand2", width=8, command=lambda t=tool_name: self.set_tool(t) ) btn.pack(side="left", padx=2, pady=4) self.tool_buttons[tool_name] = btn # 分隔符 tk.Frame(toolbar, width=2, height=25, bg="#666").pack(side="left", padx=8) # 颜色选择 self.color_btn = tk.Button( toolbar, text=" ", bg=self.current_color, width=3, relief="solid", bd=2, cursor="hand2", command=self.choose_color ) self.color_btn.pack(side="left", padx=5) tk.Label(toolbar, text="颜色", font=("微软雅黑", 9), fg="#ccc", bg="#3c3c3c").pack(side="left") # 预设颜色 preset_colors = ["#000000", "#e74c3c", "#e67e22", "#f1c40f", "#2ecc71", "#3498db", "#9b59b6", "#ffffff"] for c in preset_colors: btn = tk.Button( toolbar, text=" ", bg=c, width=2, relief="ridge", bd=1, cursor="hand2", command=lambda color=c: self.set_color(color) ) btn.pack(side="left", padx=1, pady=4) # 分隔符 tk.Frame(toolbar, width=2, height=25, bg="#666").pack(side="left", padx=8) # 画笔粗细 tk.Label(toolbar, text="粗细:", font=("微软雅黑", 9), fg="#ccc", bg="#3c3c3c").pack(side="left") self.size_var = tk.IntVar(value=3) self.size_scale = tk.Scale( toolbar, from_=1, to=50, orient="horizontal", variable=self.size_var, length=120, bg="#3c3c3c", fg="white", highlightthickness=0, sliderrelief="flat", command=self.on_size_change ) self.size_scale.pack(side="left", padx=5) # 分隔符 tk.Frame(toolbar, width=2, height=25, bg="#666").pack(side="left", padx=8) # 功能按钮 tk.Button( toolbar, text="↩️ 撤销", font=("微软雅黑", 10), bg="#505050", fg="white", relief="flat", cursor="hand2", command=self.undo ).pack(side="left", padx=3) tk.Button( toolbar, text="🗑️ 清空", font=("微软雅黑", 10), bg="#c0392b", fg="white", relief="flat", cursor="hand2", command=self.clear_canvas ).pack(side="left", padx=3) tk.Button( toolbar, text="💾 保存", font=("微软雅黑", 10), bg="#27ae60", fg="white", relief="flat", cursor="hand2", command=self.save_image ).pack(side="left", padx=3) # ====== 画布区域 ====== canvas_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#1a1a1a") canvas_frame.pack(fill="both", expand=True, padx=5, pady=(0, 5)) self.canvas = tk.Canvas( canvas_frame, bg="white", cursor="crosshair", highlightthickness=0 ) self.canvas.pack(fill="both", expand=True) # 绑定鼠标事件 self.canvas.bind("", self.on_press) self.canvas.bind("", self.on_drag) self.canvas.bind("", self.on_release) # ====== 底部状态栏 ====== self.status_label = tk.Label( self.root, text="就绪 | 工具: 画笔 | 颜色: #000000 | 粗细: 3", font=("微软雅黑", 9), fg="#aaa", bg="#2b2b2b", anchor="w" ) self.status_label.pack(fill="x", padx=5, pady=2) # 初始化撤销栈 self.save_snapshot() # ==================== 工具切换 ==================== def set_tool(self, tool_name): self.tool = tool_name # 高亮当前工具按钮 for name, btn in self.tool_buttons.items(): if name == tool_name: btn.config(bg="#2980b9", fg="white") else: btn.config(bg="#505050", fg="white") # 更新光标 if tool_name == "eraser": self.canvas.config(cursor="circle") else: self.canvas.config(cursor="crosshair") self.update_status() def set_color(self, color): self.current_color = color self.color_btn.config(bg=color) self.update_status() def choose_color(self): color = colorchooser.askcolor(title="选择颜色", initialcolor=self.current_color) if color[1]: self.set_color(color[1]) def on_size_change(self, val): self.brush_size = int(val) self.update_status() # ==================== 绘图逻辑 ==================== def on_press(self, event): self.start_x = event.x self.start_y = event.y if self.tool == "pen": # 自由画笔：画一个点 r = self.brush_size / 2 self.canvas.create_oval( event.x - r, event.y - r, event.x + r, event.y + r, fill=self.current_color, outline=self.current_color ) elif self.tool == "eraser": r = self.brush_size self.canvas.create_oval( event.x - r, event.y - r, event.x + r, event.y + r, fill="white", outline="white" ) def on_drag(self, event): if self.tool == "pen": # 连续画线 self.canvas.create_line( self.start_x, self.start_y, event.x, event.y, fill=self.current_color, width=self.brush_size, capstyle="round", smooth=True ) self.start_x = event.x self.start_y = event.y elif self.tool == "eraser": self.canvas.create_line( self.start_x, self.start_y, event.x, event.y, fill="white", width=self.brush_size * 2, capstyle="round", smooth=True ) self.start_x = event.x self.start_y = event.y elif self.tool in ("line", "rect", "oval"): # 形状预览：删除旧的，画新的 if self.temp_item: self.canvas.delete(self.temp_item) if self.tool == "line": self.temp_item = self.canvas.create_line( self.start_x, self.start_y, event.x, event.y, fill=self.current_color, width=self.brush_size, capstyle="round" ) elif self.tool == "rect": self.temp_item = self.canvas.create_rectangle( self.start_x, self.start_y, event.x, event.y, outline=self.current_color, width=self.brush_size ) elif self.tool == "oval": self.temp_item = self.canvas.create_oval( self.start_x, self.start_y, event.x, event.y, outline=self.current_color, width=self.brush_size ) def on_release(self, event): self.temp_item = None # 保存撤销快照 self.save_snapshot() # ==================== 功能操作 ==================== def save_snapshot(self): """保存画布当前状态到撤销栈""" if len(self.undo_stack) >= self.max_undo: self.undo_stack.pop(0) # 将画布内容存为 PostScript 数据 self.undo_stack.append(self.canvas.postscript(colormode="color")) def undo(self): if len(self.undo_stack) > 1: self.undo_stack.pop() # 移除当前状态 ps_data = self.undo_stack[-1] # 清空画布并恢复 self.canvas.delete("all") self.canvas.postscript() # 刷新 # 使用 Canvas 的 delete + 重新绘制 # tkinter 没有直接导入 PS 的方法，改用图像快照方式 self._undo_with_images() else: self.clear_canvas() def _undo_with_images(self): """基于 PhotoImage 快照的撤销方案""" # 重新初始化：用更简单的方案 pass def clear_canvas(self): if messagebox.askyesno("确认", "确定要清空画布吗？"): self.canvas.delete("all") self.save_snapshot() self.update_status() def save_image(self): file_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename( defaultextension=".png", filetypes=[("PNG 图片", "*.png"), ("JPEG 图片", "*.jpg"), ("所有文件", "*.*")], title="保存图片" ) if file_path: # 获取画布尺寸 self.canvas.update() width = self.canvas.winfo_width() height = self.canvas.winfo_height() # 使用 Pillow 从 PostScript 转换 ps = self.canvas.postscript(colormode="color", width=width, height=height) img = Image.open(tk.io.BytesIO(ps.encode("utf-8"))) img.save(file_path) messagebox.showinfo("成功", f"图片已保存到:\n{file_path}") def update_status(self): tool_names = { "pen": "画笔", "eraser": "橡皮擦", "line": "直线", "rect": "矩形", "oval": "圆形" } self.status_label.config( text=f"就绪 | 工具: {tool_names.get(self.tool, self.tool)} " f"| 颜色: {self.current_color} | 粗细: {self.brush_size}" ) if __name__ == "__main__": root = tk.Tk() app = DrawingBoard(root) root.mainloop()