import tkinter as tk from tkinter import ttk import random import time # ======================== 主应用 ======================== class MathTrainer: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("🧮 计算小能手 — 数学题练习器") self.root.geometry("560x720") self.root.resizable(False, False) self.root.configure(bg="#f0f4ff") # ---------- 状态变量 ---------- self.correct_count = 0 self.total_count = 0 self.current_answer = None self.timer_running = False self.time_left = 0 self.timer_id = None self.history = [] # 最近答题记录 self._build_title() self._build_settings() self._build_question_area() self._build_answer_area() self._build_stats() self._build_history() self._build_footer() # ======================== 界面构建 ======================== def _build_title(self): frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#6366f1", height=60) frame.pack(fill=tk.X) frame.pack_propagate(False) tk.Label(frame, text="🧮 计算小能手", font=("微软雅黑", 22, "bold"), fg="white", bg="#6366f1").pack(expand=True) def _build_settings(self): """运算类型 + 难度 + 模式 选择区""" frame = tk.LabelFrame(self.root, text=" ⚙️ 设置 ", font=("微软雅黑", 10, "bold"), bg="#f0f4ff", fg="#6366f1", padx=15, pady=10) frame.pack(padx=20, pady=(12, 5), fill=tk.X) # 第一行：运算类型 row1 = tk.Frame(frame, bg="#f0f4ff") row1.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=(0, 6)) tk.Label(row1, text="运算类型:", font=("微软雅黑", 10), bg="#f0f4ff").pack(side=tk.LEFT) self.op_var = tk.StringVar(value="混合随机") ops = ["加法 ＋", "减法 −", "乘法 ×", "除法 ÷", "混合随机"] for op in ops: tk.Radiobutton(row1, text=op, variable=self.op_var, value=op, font=("微软雅黑", 10), bg="#f0f4ff", activebackground="#f0f4ff", selectcolor="white").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=5) # 第二行：难度 + 限时 row2 = tk.Frame(frame, bg="#f0f4ff") row2.pack(fill=tk.X) tk.Label(row2, text="难 度:", font=("微软雅黑", 10), bg="#f0f4ff").pack(side=tk.LEFT) self.diff_var = tk.StringVar(value="简单") for d in ["简单", "中等", "困难"]: tk.Radiobutton(row2, text=d, variable=self.diff_var, value=d, font=("微软雅黑", 10), bg="#f0f4ff", activebackground="#f0f4ff", selectcolor="white").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8) # 限时模式 self.timer_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=False) tk.Checkbutton(row2, text="⏱ 限时60秒", variable=self.timer_var, font=("微软雅黑", 10), bg="#f0f4ff", activebackground="#f0f4ff", selectcolor="white").pack(side=tk.RIGHT, padx=5) def _build_question_area(self): """题目显示区""" self.q_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#eef2ff", height=120) self.q_frame.pack(padx=20, pady=10, fill=tk.X) self.q_frame.pack_propagate(False) self.q_label = tk.Label(self.q_frame, text="点击「开始练习」出题吧！", font=("微软雅黑", 32, "bold"), fg="#6366f1", bg="#eef2ff") self.q_label.pack(expand=True) def _build_answer_area(self): """答题输入区""" frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#f0f4ff") frame.pack(padx=20, pady=5, fill=tk.X) self.answer_var = tk.StringVar() self.answer_entry = tk.Entry(frame, textvariable=self.answer_var, font=("微软雅黑", 22), width=12, justify="center", relief="solid", bd=2) self.answer_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT, expand=True, ipady=6) self.answer_entry.bind("", lambda e: self._check_answer()) self.submit_btn = tk.Button(frame, text="✅ 提交", font=("微软雅黑", 14, "bold"), bg="#6366f1", fg="white", activebackground="#4f46e5", relief="flat", cursor="hand2", padx=20, command=self._check_answer) self.submit_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(10, 0)) # 反馈标签 self.feedback_label = tk.Label(self.root, text="", font=("微软雅黑", 14, "bold"), bg="#f0f4ff", fg="#6366f1") self.feedback_label.pack(pady=2) def _build_stats(self): """统计区""" frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#f0f4ff") frame.pack(padx=20, pady=5, fill=tk.X) self.stats_label = tk.Label(frame, text="📊 总题: 0 | ✅ 正确: 0 | 🎯 正确率: --", font=("微软雅黑", 12), bg="#f0f4ff", fg="#333") self.stats_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT) self.timer_label = tk.Label(frame, text="", font=("微软雅黑", 12, "bold"), bg="#f0f4ff", fg="#ef4444") self.timer_label.pack(side=tk.RIGHT) def _build_history(self): """历史记录区""" frame = tk.LabelFrame(self.root, text=" 📝 最近答题记录 ", font=("微软雅黑", 10, "bold"), bg="#f0f4ff", fg="#6366f1", padx=10, pady=5) frame.pack(padx=20, pady=(8, 5), fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) self.history_text = tk.Text(frame, font=("微软雅黑", 10), height=6, bg="white", fg="#333", relief="flat", wrap="word", state="disabled") self.history_text.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True) def _build_footer(self): btn_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#f0f4ff") btn_frame.pack(pady=8) self.start_btn = tk.Button(btn_frame, text="🚀 开始练习", font=("微软雅黑", 12, "bold"), bg="#10b981", fg="white", activebackground="#059669", relief="flat", cursor="hand2", padx=25, pady=5, command=self._start) self.start_btn.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8) tk.Button(btn_frame, text="🔄 重置统计", font=("微软雅黑", 12), bg="#f59e0b", fg="white", activebackground="#d97706", relief="flat", cursor="hand2", padx=25, pady=5, command=self._reset_stats).pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=8) tk.Label(self.root, text="💡 输入答案后按 Enter 快速提交 | 支持加减乘除四则运算", font=("微软雅黑", 9), fg="#999", bg="#f0f4ff").pack(side="bottom", pady=3) # ======================== 核心逻辑 ======================== def _get_range(self): """根据难度返回随机数范围""" diff = self.diff_var.get() if diff == "简单": return 1, 20 elif diff == "中等": return 1, 100 else: return 1, 1000 def _generate_question(self): """生成一道题目，返回 (题目字符串, 正确答案)""" low, high = self._get_range() op_choice = self.op_var.get() # 确定运算符 if op_choice == "混合随机": op = random.choice(["+", "−", "×", "÷"]) elif "加" in op_choice: op = "+" elif "减" in op_choice: op = "−" elif "乘" in op_choice: op = "×" else: op = "÷" a = random.randint(low, high) b = random.randint(low, high) # 确保减法结果不为负数 if op == "−" and a < b: a, b = b, a # 确保除法能整除 if op == "÷": if b == 0: b = 1 answer = a * b # 让 a*b ÷ b = a，保证整除 a = a * b # 重新计算 answer = a // b return f"{a} ÷ {b} = ?", answer if op == "+": answer = a + b elif op == "−": answer = a - b elif op == "×": answer = a * b else: answer = a // b return f"{a} {op} {b} = ?", answer def _start(self): """开始新一轮出题""" if self.current_answer is None and self.total_count == 0: # 首次开始，启动计时器（如果勾选了限时） if self.timer_var.get(): self._start_timer() self._next_question() self.answer_entry.focus_set() def _next_question(self): """出下一题""" question, answer = self._generate_question() self.current_answer = answer self.q_label.config(text=question) self.answer_var.set("") self.feedback_label.config(text="", fg="#6366f1") def _check_answer(self): """检查答案""" if self.current_answer is None: self._next_question() return user_input = self.answer_var.get().strip() if not user_input: self.feedback_label.config(text="⚠️ 请先输入答案！", fg="#f59e0b") return try: user_answer = int(user_input) except ValueError: try: user_answer = float(user_input) except ValueError: self.feedback_label.config(text="⚠️ 请输入有效数字！", fg="#f59e0b") return self.total_count += 1 question_text = self.q_label.cget("text").replace(" = ?", "") if user_answer == self.current_answer: self.correct_count += 1 self.feedback_label.config(text="✅ 回答正确！太棒了！", fg="#10b981") record = f"✅ {question_text} = {user_answer} （正确）" else: self.feedback_label.config( text=f"❌ 答错了！正确答案是 {self.current_answer}", fg="#ef4444") record = f"❌ {question_text} = {user_answer} （正确答案: {self.current_answer}）" # 添加历史记录 self.history.append(record) self._update_history() self._update_stats() # 检查限时是否结束 if self.timer_running and self.time_left <= 0: self._end_timer() return # 自动出下一题 self.root.after(600, self._next_question) self.answer_entry.focus_set() def _update_stats(self): """更新统计显示""" rate = f"{self.correct_count / self.total_count * 100:.1f}%" if self.total_count > 0 else "--" self.stats_label.config( text=f"📊 总题: {self.total_count} | ✅ 正确: {self.correct_count} | 🎯 正确率: {rate}" ) def _update_history(self): """更新历史记录显示（最多保留最近 50 条）""" self.history_text.config(state="normal") self.history_text.delete("1.0", "end") recent = self.history[-50:] for record in recent: self.history_text.insert("end", record + "\n") self.history_text.config(state="disabled") # 滚动到底部 self.history_text.see("end") def _reset_stats(self): """重置统计数据""" self.correct_count = 0 self.total_count = 0 self.history = [] self.current_answer = None self.q_label.config(text="点击「开始练习」出题吧！", fg="#6366f1") self.answer_var.set("") self.feedback_label.config(text="", fg="#6366f1") self._update_stats() self._update_history() if self.timer_running: self._stop_timer() self.timer_label.config(text="") # ======================== 计时器 ======================== def _start_timer(self): self.time_left = 60 self.timer_running = True self.timer_label.config(text=f"⏱ 剩余: {self.time_left}s") self._tick() def _tick(self): if not self.timer_running: return self.time_left -= 1 if self.time_left <= 0: self.timer_label.config(text="⏱ 时间到！") self.timer_running = False # 弹出结算 rate = f"{self.correct_count / self.total_count * 100:.1f}%" if self.total_count > 0 else "--" self.feedback_label.config( text=f"⏱ 时间到！本轮共答 {self.total_count} 题，正确 {self.correct_count} 题，正确率 {rate}", fg="#ef4444" ) self.q_label.config(text="🏁 本轮结束！", fg="#ef4444") return self.timer_label.config(text=f"⏱ 剩余: {self.time_left}s") self.timer_id = self.root.after(1000, self._tick) def _stop_timer(self): self.timer_running = False if self.timer_id: self.root.after_cancel(self.timer_id) self.timer_id = None def _end_timer(self): self._stop_timer() # ======================== 启动 ======================== if __name__ == "__main__": root = tk.Tk() app = MathTrainer(root) root.mainloop()